Those Choctaw who chose to stay in the state of Mississippi were considered state and U.S. The Choctaw government in Indian Territory had three districts, each with its own chief, who together with the town chiefs sat on their National Council. As part of Indian Removal, despite not having waged war against the United States, the majority of Choctaw were forcibly relocated to Indian Territory from 1831 to 1833. By the last three, the US gained vast land cessions in the Southeast. The Choctaw and the United States agreed to a total of nine treaties. European Americans considered the Choctaw to be one of the ' Five Civilized Tribes' of the Southeast.

Most Choctaw allied with the Americans during American Revolution, War of 1812, and the Red Stick War, most notably at the Battle of New Orleans. These included the French, based on the Gulf Coast and in Louisiana the English of the Southeast, and the Spanish of Florida and Louisiana during the colonial era. These different groups sometimes created distinct, independent alliances with nearby European powers.

The Choctaw coalesced as a people in the 17th century and developed at least three distinct political and geographical divisions: eastern, western, and southern. Early Spanish explorers of the mid-16th century in the Southeast encountered ancestral Mississippian culture villages and chiefs.

Their mother mound is Nanih Waiya, a great earthwork platform mound located in central-east Mississippi. The Choctaw were first noted by Europeans in French written records of 1675. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, and Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. Their Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. The Choctaw (in the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native American people originally based in the Southeastern Woodlands, in what is now Alabama and Mississippi.

Protestant, Roman Catholic, traditional beliefsĬhickasaw, Muscogee, Natichez, Alabama, Koasati, and Seminole Louisiana Indians Walking Along a Bayou Alfred Boisseau – 1847

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